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Facial reconstruction produced by forensic artist Sarah Jaworski. Hat provided by the Bytown Museum.

Copy - Bone Detective – a Box of Secrets (SH)

Published

May 30, 2024


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The history of the role of the First Nations... in the War of 1812 is just as much about building what would later become the nation of Canada as it is about the solidifying of Canadian identity ....”

The War of 1812: The Dakota Nation’s Contribution to Defending Canada, published by the Whitecap Dakota First Nation, June 2011

And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave, O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave.”

Francis Scott Key, American lawyer and poet, 1814

I wish we had Tecumseh here to help us out of our difficulties.”

John Askin, Canadian settler, 4 June 1813

Certainly we won [the War of 1812]. Because if we hadn’t, we’d be using loonies and toonies instead of dollar bills, wouldn’t we?”

Site manager, Sackets Harbor Battlefield State Historic Site, United States, as quoted in “The War of 1812 Revisited,” National Post, 27 September 2007

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The Americans were in high spirits, and when I said I was Canadian, one of the officers laughed and said, “You'll soon be under the Yankey government, my boy.” I was sassy, like most boys of my age, and I said, “I'm not so sure about that.”

Jacob Cline, Canadian, 13 years old, 1813

June 2012 will mark 200 years since the declaration of the War of 1812 — a war that saw Aboriginal peoples, local and volunteer militias, and English- and French-speaking regiments fight together to save Canada from American invasion.”

Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, from the Prime Minister's Message: “The War of 1812 - The Fight for Canada,” 18 June 2011

The King’s government … [has] most unequivocally expressed to me their desire to preserve peace with the United States, that they might, uninterrupted, pursue with the whole disposable force of the country, the great[er] interest in Europe.”

George Prevost, British, Governor General of Canada, 1812

Certainly we won [the War of 1812]. Because if we hadn’t, we’d be using loonies and toonies instead of dollar bills, wouldn’t we?”

Site manager, Sackets Harbor Battlefield State Historic Site, United States, as quoted in “The War of 1812 Revisited,” National Post, 27 September 2007

Close-up of lock securing box lid

Close-up of lock securing box lid

(Mortimer, 2017)

After the remains were transferred to my lab, I was able to begin sorting the jumbled array of bones and grouping like remains into individual skeletons. By the end of this exercise, at least 15 individuals, including a minimum of five children and 10 adults, were identified. The subadult remains were some of the only ones found during the 2016 excavations.

Excavation of old bone box

Metal box in situ with the lid open

(Mortimer, 2017)

It would appear that sometime around the turn of the century, human remains were discovered while excavating the back lot of 62 Sparks Street. They were collected and put into this chest and buried in the clay beneath the normal level of the cemetery. Most of the individuals that were placed in the box were represented solely by portions of skulls, most likely because these elements are easily identifiable as human. Amongst the remains was a particular cranium and mandible (together they are called the skull), which were separated in the box but appeared to belong to the same individual.

The metal box in situ prior to excavation

The metal box in situ prior to excavation

(Mortimer, 2017)

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Secondary

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Quaternary

On the last day of excavations in the lot behind 62 Sparks Street, while digging a hole to get a good stratigraphic profile of an area of disturbance, a hollow thump was heard. Further investigation by lead archaeologist Ben Mortimer (Matrix Heritage) revealed that beneath a darkened deposit of sand, cinder, clinker, coal and refuse, sat a strange metal box.

It was closed with a lock, suggesting that it may have been some sort of safe or insulated chest, and that it possibly dated back to the late 19th or early 20th centuries. Removal of dirt and portions of the door revealed that the box held human skeletal remains.

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